Criminal Defense Attorney

Licensed for procedural representation and defense before the Supreme Court of Cassation and Supreme Administrative Court (all judicial instances). Memberships: IAL/UIA, ABA, AEA, SBA. Authorized for activities under Art.4, item 16 of the Private Investigation Services Act.

QR Code — Contact Information COMMUNICATION and TERMS FOR PERSONS who are NOT currently represented by ATTORNEY IVANOV
Attorney Marian Ivanov — Portrait

Nominations and International Collaboration

Nominated and recommended attorney by GLOBAL LAW EXPERTS (GLE) for 2025/2026 as an expert in Criminal Law for the Republic of Bulgaria.

Global Law Experts — logo Global Law Experts Awards 2025

GLE selects leading attorneys worldwide in various areas of law. These professionals collaborate, share ideas, deliver lectures, and influence the development of practice in their field.

GLE Profile

Active collaboration, contacts, and mutual assistance at national and international levels with over 10,000 attorneys and law firms worldwide, practicing in all areas of law.

Law Tech UIA 1 Law Tech UIA 2

Individual Member of the INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LAWYERS with Membership ID No. MI045827.

As an active member of the INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LAWYERS (IAL/UIA), Attorney Ivanov maintains professional relationships with attorneys from over 150 countries worldwide.

IAL Profile

IAL provides a framework for collaboration and exchange that enables Attorney Ivanov to expand his legal horizons and collaborate on cross-border cases, ensuring legal services based on high achievement, ethics, and innovation.

American Bar Association 1 American Bar Association 2

Individual Member of the AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION with Membership ID No. 06227184.

ABA Profile

Founded in 1878, the American Bar Association is committed to promoting the rule of law in the United States and around the world, defending freedom and justice.

US Flag US Embassy Sofia

PROVIDING LEGAL ASSISTANCE, LEGAL CONSULTANCY, LEGAL REPRESENTATION AND LEGAL PROTECTION TO U.S. CITIZENS, WHICH ARE VICTIM FROM A CRIME ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA. Parental child abduction, child protection, insurance, criminal law, damages, narcotics, contracts, transportation law, aeronautical/maritime, foreign claims, estates, taxes, immigration, auto/accidents and etc.

U.S. Embassy in Bulgaria /
Legal Assistance /
List of Lawyers in Sofia

Association of European Attorneys 1 Association of European Attorneys 2

Individual Member of the ASSOCIATION OF EUROPEAN ATTORNEYS.

AEA Profile

World Justice Project - Funded by the European Union

EXPERT-RESPONDENT FOR THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA on the EU PROJECT FOR SUBNATIONAL JUSTICE, GOVERNANCE AND RULE OF LAW INDICATORS, funded by the European Commission under the WORLD JUSTICE PROJECT (WJP).

WJP

State Agency National Security

COLLABORATOR of the State Agency "National Security" (SANS), in connection with combating corruption in the Judiciary and other bodies of state power and local self-government in the Republic of Bulgaria.

SANS

Ministry of Justice

Registered in the public register of the Ministry of Justice as a practicing attorney with rights to exercise activities under Art.4, item 16 of the Private Investigation Services Act.

Register

Supreme Court of Cassation - Sofia Courthouse

Licensed for procedural representation and defense before the Supreme Court of Cassation and Supreme Administrative Court (all judicial instances).

Supreme Court of Cassation Supreme Administrative Court

Procedural Representation, Legal Defense, and Assistance

24/7 emergency defense
  1. Upon DETENTION under Art.72 of the Ministry of Interior Act.
  2. Upon PLACEMENT in TRANSIT ZONE/DETENTION FACILITY at BORDER CHECKPOINT.
  3. Upon imposed Measure of restraintPRE-TRIAL DETENTION“ under Criminal Procedure Code.
  4. Upon TRAFFIC ACCIDENT with casualties.

Right to legal defense - IMMEDIATELY.

In the above emergency cases, using the various contact channels with ATTORNEY IVANOV, it is RECOMMENDED to also send an SMS with text: "URGENT".

Investigation — police line do not cross

DETENTION ORDER under Art.72 of Ministry of Interior Act

The detention period CANNOT exceed 24 hours! If the detainee is not charged under the Criminal Procedure Code within 24 hours of police detention, they must be released!

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of detention/restriction of freedom of movement.

Accused — criminal defendant during investigation

ACCUSED

ACCUSED is the person against whom criminal charges have been brought during the pre-trial phase (investigation).

Right to legal defense - immediately.

Defendant in court — criminal trial proceedings

DEFENDANT

In criminal proceedings, when an indictment has been filed in court, we refer to DEFENDANT.

Right to legal defense - immediately.

WITNESS

Rights:
1. To use notes when giving testimony.
2. To examination by delegation, as well as to refuse to testify.
3. To compensation for lost workday and expenses incurred.
4. To request annulment of acts that violate their rights and legitimate interests.
5. To immediate protection measures (Protected witness).

Right to legal defense from the moment of summons.

Victim support — crime victim assistance and legal protection

VICTIM / INJURED LEGAL ENTITY

Victim is a natural person who has suffered pecuniary/non-pecuniary damages from a crime. In criminal proceedings may join as Private Prosecutor and/or Civil Claimant.

Injured Legal Entity is an organization that has suffered pecuniary damages from a crime. In criminal proceedings may join as Civil Claimant.

Right to legal defense - immediately.

PRIVATE PROSECUTOR

The victim who has suffered pecuniary or non-pecuniary damages from a crime prosecuted under general procedure has the right to participate in criminal proceedings as Private Prosecutor.

Right to legal defense at every stage of criminal proceedings.

PRIVATE COMPLAINANT

The victim of a crime prosecuted by private complaint may bring and maintain charges before the court as Private Complainant.

Right to legal defense at every stage of criminal proceedings.

CIVIL CLAIMANT

The victim or their heirs, as well as legal entities that have suffered damages from the crime, may file a civil claim for compensation in criminal proceedings and establish themselves as Civil Claimants.

Right to legal defense at every stage of criminal proceedings.

CIVIL DEFENDANT

Persons against whom a civil claim is filed, except the defendant, participate in criminal proceedings as Civil Defendants.

Right to legal defense at every stage of criminal proceedings.

Detention measures — arrest and procedural coercion

COERCIVE PROCEDURAL MEASURES (CPM) under Criminal Procedure Code

1. Measures of restraint (Art.58): written undertaking; bail; house arrest; pre-trial detention.
2. Prohibition from leaving the country (Art.68); consequences of violation (Art.68a).
3. Compulsory appearance (Art.71).
4. Removal from office (Art.69).
5. Victim protection measures (Art.67).
6. Securing of fine/confiscation/forfeiture and property sanction (Art.72); management of secured property (Art.72a).
7. Securing of civil claim (Art.73).
8. Securing of costs (Art.73a).

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of imposition of CPM.

Travel ban — customs control with detection dog

PROHIBITION FROM LEAVING THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA (under Art.75, 76 and 76a of Identity Documents Act)

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of imposition of the Compulsory Administrative Measure (CAM).

Border crossing — Republic of Bulgaria entry control

PROHIBITION OF ENTRY AND STAY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA AND SCHENGEN with SIS entry (Art.39a, 42z, 44v of Foreigners in Bulgaria Act)

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of imposition of the Compulsory Administrative Measure (CAM).

Border control — Sofia Airport Terminal 2

ONE-TIME ENTRY DENIAL AT BORDER CHECKPOINT IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA (Art.14 Schengen Borders Code) - with EES System entry

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of imposition of the Compulsory Administrative Measure (CAM).

Visa refusal — passport and visa documents

VISA REFUSAL (Visa Code: Reg. (EC) No. 810/2009, as amended by Reg. (EU) 2019/1155; Reg. (EU) 2021/1134)

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of notification/learning of refusal.

Refugee protection and asylum — international protection status

APPLICATION FOR STATUS AND PROTECTION OF FOREIGN NATIONALS

Legal defense, assistance and procedural representation when applying for asylum, status or temporary protection in the Republic of Bulgaria. Assistance with imposed compulsory administrative measures (CAM): accommodation in SDVNCH, as well as detention under Ministry of Interior Act or placement in transit zone/detention facility at border checkpoint.

Right to legal defense - immediately.

Compulsory medical measures — psychiatric treatment facility

COMPULSORY MEDICAL MEASURES (CMM) under Art.89 Penal Code (in proceedings under Art.427-432 CPC)

1. Release to relatives with outpatient supervision.
2. Compulsory treatment in regular psychoneurological institution.
3. Compulsory treatment in specialized psychiatric hospital/ward.

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of first procedural act regarding the person, in connection with request for imposition of compulsory medical measure under Art.89 Penal Code (incl. appearance/detention, summons, appointment or hearing of expert evaluation); in all cases - no later than filing of prosecutor's motion under Art.427 CPC.

Mandatory hospitalization and treatment — mental health care facility

MANDATORY PLACEMENT AND TREATMENT (Art.155-163 and 165 Health Act)

1. Outpatient mandatory treatment.
2. Inpatient mandatory treatment.

Right to legal defense - immediately - from the moment of first state action affecting rights or restricting freedom of movement (incl. temporary placement under Art.154 Health Act); in all cases - no later than filing of prosecutor's motion/first summons under Art.157–158 Health Act.

Traffic accident scene — ambulance, fire truck and police

OPERATING MOTOR VEHICLE IN VIOLATION OF TRAFFIC RULES • TRAFFIC ACCIDENT while operating motor vehicle (Criminal liability under Penal Code)

→ Driving after consumption of alcohol (≥ 1.2‰), narcotic substances/their analogues or refusal of test (Art.343b Penal Code).

→ Driving without license - within one year of administrative penalty for same act or during period of disqualification from operating motor vehicle (Art.343v Penal Code).

→ Operating unregistered motor vehicle, false plates/forged numbers (Art.345 Penal Code).

→ Providing motor vehicle to unlicensed/drunk/drugged driver (Art.343e Penal Code).

→ Traffic accident with violation of traffic rules: 1/ Criminal liability under Art.342 and 343 Penal Code (with heavier sanctions for qualified cases). 2/ Criminal liability under Art.122-129 Penal Code may arise also when operating non-motor vehicle (bicycle/animal-drawn vehicle/other), if traffic rules violation caused result: medium/severe bodily injury or death.

Right to legal defense - immediately (both for perpetrator and for victim(s) in traffic accident)

Interpol - International Criminal Police Organization Interpol Notices - Red Yellow Green Orange Blue Purple Black Europol - European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation ENFAST - European Network of Fugitive Active Search Teams

INTERNATIONAL WANTED PERSON • Legal Assistance before identification and detention (INTERPOL • SIS • EAW • EUROPOL • ENFAST)

  • Right to legal defense - immediately → power of attorney; secure communication channel 24/7.
  • Status check → through attorney → SIS (via SIRENE bureau), INTERPOL (to CCF for access/correction/deletion), EUROPOL (DSAR).
  • No contacts and/or disclosure of whereabouts /locations /routes to third parties.
  • Right not to incriminate yourself (right to silence). Statements/declarations/signing documents → through attorney; exception – when legally required identity verification.
  • Preparation of evidence for lighter measure → address, family/employment ties, court rulings, medical documents.
  • Travel → refrain until clarification (risk of "hit" in SIS/INTERPOL).
  • Strategy for voluntary surrender → through attorney → pre-negotiated guarantees/logistics.
Extradition — international arrest and deportation procedure

EXTRADITION and SURRENDER under EAW

1. Extradition (outside EU) – upon request of Republic of Bulgaria (when identified and detained in territory of another state).
2. Extradition (outside EU) – upon request of another state (when identified and detained in territory of Republic of Bulgaria).
3. EAW (within EU) – surrender under EAW issued by Republic of Bulgaria (when identified and detained in territory of another member state).
4. EAW (within EU) – surrender under EAW issued by another member state (when identified and detained in territory of Republic of Bulgaria).

Right to legal defense - immediately - from moment of detention. Strongly recommended engagement of two attorneys: attorney in executing state (where you are detained, engaged with case/measure) and attorney in issuing/requesting state (engaged with guarantees, "specialty", statute of limitations, documents; guarantees for conditions, trial, health; negotiations and possible withdrawal/corrections of EAW).

Military court — judges and prosecutor during session

MILITARY COURT AND MILITARY PROSECUTOR • MILITARY CRIMES

Cases where Criminal Proceedings fall under competence of Military Prosecutor and Military Court (unless within competence of European Public Prosecutor):

→ When perpetrator is military personnel (regardless whether act committed "on duty" or not).

→ When person is reservist on active duty or wartime service member.

→ When person is civilian employee in Ministry of Defense/Armed Forces/subordinate structures, NSO or State Agency for Refugees and act is "during or in connection with" service.

→ When there is mixed participation — at least one participant is military.

Structure/Judicial Instances: 1/ Military District Prosecutor and corresponding Military Court (Sofia, Plovdiv and Sliven). 2/ Military Appellate Prosecutor and Military Appellate Court (Sofia). 3/ Supreme Court of Cassation.

Measures of restraint: 1/ For career military and civilian employees: general measures under CPC (Recognizance; Financial guarantee; House arrest; Pre-trial detention). 2/ For reservists on active duty/wartime persons: special measures — supervision in unit or detention in barracks/common areas.

Right to legal defense - immediately (from moment of summons, detention or first procedural act against person); Witness - from moment of summons.

Real estate legal assistance — property purchase consultation

LEGAL ASSISTANCE AND CONSULTANCY FOR REAL ESTATE PURCHASE

In the territory of: Sofia - 1000, Republic of Bulgaria; "Central Macedonia" Region, Republic of Greece; and "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur" Region, Republic of France; to prevent fraudulent practices and real estate fraud.

Firearms permit — legal assistance for weapon license from Ministry of Interior

LEGAL ASSISTANCE, CONSULTANCY AND PROCEDURAL REPRESENTATION REGARDING FIREARMS PERMIT

Legal assistance and consultancy when applying for firearms permit from Ministry of Interior, as well as procedural representation when appealing refusal to issue or revocation of already issued permit.

ONLINE ATTORNEY

Online Lawyer Consultation Virtual Legal Services

SAVING TIME GOING TO OFFICES, THROUGH REMOTE LEGAL ASSISTANCE - ANYTIME FROM ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD

Send written inquiry regarding legal assistance you require, concerning: (1) possibility of providing it; and (2) amount of attorney fee, payable in advance and in full; specifying: your name, citizenship and phone number for callback, and briefly describe specific case:

Applications for conducting online consultation that you need to have/install on your device:

Bodies with Powers to Detain and Detention Facilities

Body
Legal Basis
Duration / Facility
Ministry of Interior (incl. GDBOP and SOBT) - police detention
Art.72 от Ministry of Interior Act
Duration: up to 24 hours from moment of restriction of right to free movement; detention rooms at Ministry of Interior units (Instruction №8121з-78/2015).
SANS (operational temporary detention during special operations, often in joint teams with GDBOP and SOBT)
Art.4,т.4 и Art.42–43 от SANS Act; Art.215 of CPC
May temporarily restrict freedom during security operations; must transfer person to Ministry of Interior bodies for lawful detention under Ministry of Interior Act.
Prosecutor detention
Art.64,ал.2 of CPC
Duration: up to 72 hours; investigative arrest at General Directorate of Execution of Penalties (under Execution of Penalties and Detention in Custody Act) — for bringing before court with request for permanent coercive measure "Pre-trial Detention".
Military Police (service detention)
Art.27,para.1,item 3 of Military Police Act
In case of crime committed by military personnel or in complicity with military; detention until transfer to competent authorities.
Military Prosecutor (prosecutor detention)
Art.64,ал.2 of CPC
Duration: up to 72 hours; investigative arrest at General Directorate of Execution of Penalties (under Execution of Penalties and Detention in Custody Act) — for bringing before Military Court with request for permanent coercive measure "Pre-trial Detention".
Migration Directorate / SDVNCH (Ministry of Interior)
Art.44 and art.46a of Foreigners in Republic of Bulgaria Act; Regulation № Iз-1201/2010
Accommodation as compulsory administrative measure (CAM); period up to 6 months, with possibility of extension up to 18 months; in case of need for compulsory isolation or restriction – in special home for temporary accommodation of foreigners (SDVNCH) at Ministry of Interior.
After final conviction
Execution of Penalties and Detention in Custody Act
Serving sentence in prison or prison hostel at General Directorate of Execution of Penalties.
Right to legal defense - immediately - from moment of detention (restriction of right to free movement).

Bodies with Investigative Powers under Criminal Procedure Code

Body
Legal Basis
Competence / Activity
Prosecutor's Office of Republic of Bulgaria
Art.46–52 of CPC; Judicial System Act
Directs investigation and exercises supervision for legality; has exclusive competence to charge persons as defendants and submit indictment to competent court (first instance).
Investigators
Art.194, para.1 of CPC; Judicial System Act
Investigate serious intentional crimes and cases with special factual/legal complexity under prosecutor supervision.
Military Investigators
Art.194, para.1 of CPC; Judicial System Act; Military Courts Act
Investigate crimes committed by military personnel, as well as in mixed participation (military and civilian) — under military prosecutor supervision.
Investigative Police Officers (GDNP, GDBOP and other Ministry of Interior structures)
Art.194, para.2 and art.196 of CPC; Ministry of Interior Act
Conduct pre-trial proceedings upon assignment and under prosecutor supervision; perform all procedural acts under CPC (except charging as defendant).
State Agency "National Security" (SANS)
Art.215 of CPC; art.4, item 4 and art.42–43 of SANS Act
When perpetrator unknown - upon prosecutor assignment conducts identification and search; when collecting evidence implicating specific person, transfers materials to investigative body and immediately notifies prosecutor (Art.215 of CPC).
Customs Agency (investigative inspectors)
Art.215 of CPC; art.18 of Customs Act
Act as investigative bodies under CPC upon prosecutor assignment in cases within customs administration competence; perform procedural acts under prosecutor supervision.
Right to legal defense - immediately - from moment of summons or first procedural act against person.

Right to Legal Defense and Assistance

Citizens have right to legal defense everywhere and at all times – in contacts with administrative bodies and services, as well as with natural and legal persons. Any restriction of this access to attorney contradicts Art.56 of Constitution and is inadmissible, unless Constitution explicitly permits restriction in compliance with principle of proportionality.

When regulatory/factual restrictions affect attorney-client confidentiality (Art.30, para.(5) - Constitution) or discourage/obstruct effective use of attorney (Art.56 - Constitution), they are subject to strict constitutional and conventional proportionality review; in absence of exceptions/guarantees - risk of unconstitutionality/ECHR violations.

(Reference: Art.5, para.(2), Art.30, para.(5) and Art.56 of Constitution; Art.18 of Administrative Procedure Code; Art.24, para.(1), item 3 of Bar Act; Case law: Decision №2735 /18.03.2025 on Admin. Case № 8239 /2024 of Supreme Admin. Court, VIII Div.; Decision № 7943 /16.07.2025 on Admin. Case № 4496 /2025 of Supreme Admin. Court, I College; Decision of Constitutional Court №15 /28.09.1993 on Const. Case № 17 /1993; Decision of Constitutional Court №3 /17.05.1994 on Const. Case №1 /1994; Ruling of Constitutional Court №1/ 30.03.2021 on Const. Case № 2 /2021; Decision of Constitutional Court №6 /05.06.2025 on Const. Case № 28 /2024; ECtHR, Iliya Stefanov v. Bulgaria /2008; ECtHR, Petri Sallinen and Others v. Finland /2005; ECtHR, Michaud v. France /2012)

Rights and Obligations of Attorney. Attorney-Client Relationship. Attorney-Client Privilege.

Bar Act - Art.24. (1) /т.3/ Exercise of legal profession includes: representation of clients and defendants and protection of their rights and lawful interests before judicial authorities, administrative bodies and services, as well as before natural and legal persons.

Bar Act - Art.29. (1) Before court, pre-trial proceedings bodies, administrative bodies and other services in country ATTORNEY or EU lawyer is equated with judge regarding due respect and IS OWED ASSISTANCE AS TO JUDGE.

Bar Act - Art.33. (1) Attorney papers, files, electronic documents, computer equipment and other information carriers ARE INVIOLABLE AND SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO REVIEW, COPYING, INSPECTION OR SEIZURE.

(2) Correspondence between attorney and client, regardless of means of communication, including electronic, SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO REVIEW, COPYING, INSPECTION OR SEIZURE AND CANNOT BE USED AS EVIDENCE.

(3) Conversations between attorney and client CANNOT BE INTERCEPTED OR RECORDED. ANY RECORDINGS MADE CANNOT BE USED AS EVIDENCE AND ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE DESTRUCTION.

(4) ATTORNEY CANNOT BE QUESTIONED in procedural capacity regarding: conversations and correspondence with client; conversations and correspondence with another attorney; client matters; facts and circumstances learned in connection with provided defense and assistance.

(5) Paragraphs 1-4 apply also to EU attorney, junior attorney and legal assistant.

Bar Act - Art.34. (1) ATTORNEY or EU lawyer HAS RIGHT TO MEET PRIVATELY WITH CLIENT, INCLUDING WHEN CLIENT IS IN PRE-TRIAL DETENTION OR DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY.

(2) DURING MEETINGS ATTORNEY or EU lawyer HAS RIGHT TO TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE WRITTEN MATERIALS IN CONNECTION WITH CASE, CONTENT OF WHICH IS NOT SUBJECT TO INSPECTION.

(3) CONVERSATIONS DURING MEETINGS CANNOT BE INTERCEPTED OR RECORDED, but meetings may be observed.

(4) At visits attorney identifies only with bar card, and EU attorney - with bar card or certificate по Art.19б, ал.(3).

Bar Act - Art.39. (1) Funds provided by client for expenditure by attorney or by EU lawyer, may be deposited in bank in client account. Client account may be opened by attorney or EU lawyer, or law firm. Amounts in client account are not part of attorney and EU lawyer or law firm assets and ARE NOT SUBJECT TO SEIZURE.

Bar Act - Art.45. (1) ATTORNEY, as well as EU lawyer IS OBLIGATED TO KEEP CLIENT CONFIDENTIALITY WITHOUT TIME LIMITATION.

(2) ATTORNEY, as well as EU lawyer HAS NO RIGHT AS WITNESS TO DISCLOSE CIRCUMSTANCES, entrusted to them in capacity as attorney by client or by another attorney regarding client.

CPC - Art.121. (2) Witness CANNOT BE QUESTIONED REGARDING CIRCUMSTANCES, ENTRUSTED TO THEM AS DEFENSE COUNSEL OR REPRESENTATIVE or became known as interpreter during defendant meetings with defense counsel.

Constitution - Art.30. (5) Everyone has right to meet privately with person defending them. Confidentiality of their communications is inviolable.

PAYMENT POLICY (effective from 01.01.2026):

Euro Currency - Bulgaria EU

Official exchange rate: 1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN.

1. From 01.01.2026 (based on and in accordance with Freedom of contract and permissible refusal of cash payments with prior notice; Recommendation 2010/191/EU; CJEU in joined cases C-422/19 and C-423/19; Art.3 of ZOPB), Attorney Ivanov does not accept cash payments. Only cashless payments are accepted: via bank transfer or by bank card at physical or online POS terminal.

2. From 01.02.2026 (based on and in accordance with Art.Art.4, 5 and 24–26 of ZVERB; Decision/Regulations of the Council of the EU dated 08.07.2025 on the adoption of the euro and the conversion rate; ECB Press Release dated 08.07.2025), Attorney Ivanov accepts payments only in Euro (EUR) - in cash or cashless (via bank transfer or by bank card at physical or online POS terminal).

ONLINE PAYMENTS AVAILABLE WITH A BANK CARD

Online Payment Methods - myPOS Online Payment Methods - Revolut

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